Standardized Tissue Simulants
Our standardized liquids are compliant with the following standards:
- IEEE Std 1528
- IEC 62209-1
- IEC 62209-2
- FCC KDB publication 865664
Head Simulating Liquids
Dielectric parameters simulating head-tissue parameters as defined in the SAR compliance standards IEEE Std 1528, IEC 62209-1, IEC 62209-2 and FCC KDB publication 865664.
| Application | Test Frequency | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|
| Narrowband | 150 MHz | ±5% |
| 450 MHz | ±5% | |
| 700-935 MHz | ±5% | |
| 1700-1900 MHz | ±5% | |
| 2000-2700 MHz | ±5% | |
| Broadband | 12-450 MHz | ±10% |
| 450-700 MHz | ±10% | |
| 700-3000 MHz | ±10% | |
| 3000-6000 MHz | ±10% |
Body Tissue Simulating Liquids
Dielectric parameters of the body simulating fluid are defined in the FCC KDB publication 865664.
| Application | Test Frequency | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|
| Narrowband | 700-935 MHz | ±5% |
| 1700-1900 MHz | ±5% | |
| 2000-2700 MHz | ±5% | |
| Broadband | 700-2500 MHz | ±10% |
| 2500-6000 MHz | ±10% |
Custom Made Tissue Simulants
Do you need simulants for non-standard testing or for research purposes?
We have already made various kinds of tissues for our customers, e.g. tissues simulating animal’s muscle, skull and brain (grey and white matter), and testing RF performance of implantable medical devices.
The liquids can be used to study how electromagnetic radiation propagates through tissue, since they have been developed to have similar dielectric properties to human tissues.
The simulants are tuned to represent human tissues with accuracy of ±5% at temperature of 22˚±0.2 degrees. Measured dielectric data is available.
Want to know more?
We are happy to hear your needs and see if we can help you with them.
EMF
Four ways to show RF exposure compliance
Electromagnetic radiation is emitted from various natural and man-made sources. For example, electromagnetic radiation emitted from the sun keeps us warm and electromagnetic radiation emitted from the mobile phones enables wireless communication. But how is the radio frequency (RF) exposure of these wireless devices measured? Continue reading to find out. Read more
EMF
Low frequency tissue simulating liquids
Verkotan can perform SAR exposure measurements on low frequency devices, such as wireless chargers, credit cards and RFID and NFC systems. We are also happy to offer you tissue simulating liquids for your needs. The liquids we use are blend at Verkotan laboratories by our professionals. Continue reading for more information. Read more
OTA
Verkotan can now test eSIM devices with COMPRION’s solution!
In the future you will not probably need a physical SIM card. Instead, a SIM card will be embedded into your device. With COMPRION’s new eSIM Test Profile Service, Verkotan can now perform OTA and SAR measurements on eSIM devices! Read more
SAR Testing
New standard for SAR testing
IEC and IEEE have published a new standard, which includes some significant technical changes considering SAR testing. Among other things, the new standard broadened the SAR testing frequency range down to 4 MHz and up to 10 GHz. There are many common RFID and NFC devices that use these frequencies, and Verkotan is one of the few laboratories, who has the capability to test down to 9 MHz frequency. The standard has been mandatory in Canada since third of May 2021. Continue reading for more information! Read more