Standardized Tissue Simulants
Our standardized liquids are compliant with the following standards:
- IEC/IEEE 62209 -1528
- IEC 62209-1
- IEC 62209-2
- FCC KDB publication 865664
Head Simulating Liquids
Dielectric parameters simulating head-tissue parameters as defined in the SAR compliance standards IEC/IEEE 62209 -1528, IEC 62209-1, IEC 62209-2 and FCC KDB publication 865664.
Download our head tissue simulating liquid datasheet for more information
| Application | Test Frequency | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|
| Narrowband | 150 MHz | ±5% |
| 450 MHz | ±5% | |
| 700-935 MHz | ±5% | |
| 1700-1900 MHz | ±5% | |
| 2000-2700 MHz | ±5% | |
| Broadband | 10-450 MHz | ±10% |
| 450-700 MHz | ±10% | |
| 700-3000 MHz | ±10% | |
| 3300-8000 MHz | ±10% |
Body Tissue Simulating Liquids
Dielectric parameters of the body simulating fluid are defined in the FCC KDB publication 865664.
Download our body tissue simulating liquid datasheet for more information
| Application | Test Frequency | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|
| Narrowband | 700-935 MHz | ±5% |
| 1700-1900 MHz | ±5% | |
| 2000-2700 MHz | ±5% | |
| Broadband | 700-2500 MHz | ±10% |
| 2500-6000 MHz | ±10% |
Custom Made Tissue Simulants
Do you need simulants for non-standard testing or for research purposes?
We have already made various kinds of tissues for our customers, e.g. tissues simulating animal’s muscle, skull and brain (grey and white matter), and testing RF performance of implantable medical devices.
The liquids can be used to study how electromagnetic radiation propagates through tissue, since they have been developed to have similar dielectric properties to human tissues.
The simulants are tuned to represent human tissues with accuracy of ±10% at temperature of 22˚±0.2 degrees. The lowest frequency available is 8 MHz. Measured dielectric data is available.
Want to know more?
We are happy to hear your needs and see if we can help you with them.
Certification & Approval
When to show RF exposure compliance with calculations
RF exposure compliance of electronic and electrical equipment with the basic restrictions, or with the reference levels, is usually determined by testing. However, if the product meets certain requirements, the RF exposure compliance can be shown by calculations without any testing. Continue reading for more information about RF exposure calculations. Read more
Certification & Approval
Changes in RF exposure guidance
The FCC has published an update to KDB Publication 447498 D01 General RF Exposure Guidance v06. Changes in this standard indicate that more devices entering the U.S. market require SAR testing. Read more
EMF
RF exposure testing of wireless charging systems
Wireless charging systems are becoming more common in day-to-day use. Broad range of applications from consumer electronics to automotive employ this technology. For example, mobile phones and tablets as well as electric vehicles may have the option of wireless charging. Wireless charging systems require testing to ensure the safe use these devices. Read more to find out how the safe use of these systems is verified! Read more
Certification & Approval
Pre-compliance SAR testing
Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) testing is mandatory for radio devices used closer than 20 centimetres from human body or head. Continue reading to find out why we recommend optimized pre-compliance SAR test to comply with SAR requirements. Read more